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NEW QUESTION # 45
Your team is designing a new application for deployment both inside and outside Google Cloud Platform (GCP). You need to collect detailed metrics such as system resource utilization. You want to use centralized GCP services while minimizing the amount of work required to set up this collection system. What should you do?
- A. Instrument the code using a timing library, and publish the metrics via a health check endpoint that is scraped by Stackdriver.
- B. Install an Application Performance Monitoring (APM) tool in both locations, and configure an export to a central data storage location for analysis.
- C. Import the Stackdriver Debugger package, and configure the application to emit debug messages with timing information.
- D. Import the Stackdriver Profiler package, and configure it to relay function timing data to Stackdriver for further analysis.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 46
You support a service with a well-defined Service Level Objective (SLO). Over the previous 6 months, your service has consistently met its SLO and customer satisfaction has been consistently high. Most of your service's operations tasks are automated and few repetitive tasks occur frequently. You want to optimize the balance between reliability and deployment velocity while following site reliability engineering best practices. What should you do? (Choose two.)
- A. Shift engineering time to other services that need more reliability.
- B. Change the implementation of your Service Level Indicators (SLIs) to increase coverage.
- C. Make the service's SLO more strict.
- D. Increase the service's deployment velocity and/or risk.
- E. Get the product team to prioritize reliability work over new features.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
(https://sre.google/workbook/implementing-slos/#slo-decision-matrix)
NEW QUESTION # 47
You are responsible for creating and modifying the Terraform templates that define your Infrastructure. Because two new engineers will also be working on the same code, you need to define a process and adopt a tool that will prevent you from overwriting each other's code. You also want to ensure that you capture all updates in the latest version. What should you do?
- A. Store your code as text files in Google Drive in a defined folder structure that organizes the files.
* At the end of each day. confirm that all changes have been captured in the files within the folder structure.
* Rename the folder structure with a predefined naming convention that increments the version. - B. Store your code as text files in Google Drive in a defined folder structure that organizes the files.
* At the end of each day, confirm that all changes have been captured in the files within the folder structure and create a new .zip archive with a predefined naming convention.
* Upload the .zip archive to a versioned Cloud Storage bucket and accept it as the latest version. - C. Store your code in a Git-based version control system.
* Establish a process that allows developers to merge their own changes at the end of each day.
* Package and upload code lo a versioned Cloud Storage bucket as the latest master version. - D. Store your code in a Git-based version control system.
* Establish a process that includes code reviews by peers and unit testing to ensure integrity and functionality before integration of code.
* Establish a process where the fully integrated code in the repository becomes the latest master version.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 48
Your company follows Site Reliability Engineering practices. You are the person in charge of Communications for a large, ongoing incident affecting your customer-facing applications. There is still no estimated time for a resolution of the outage. You are receiving emails from internal stakeholders who want updates on the outage, as well as emails from customers who want to know what is happening. You want to efficiently provide updates to everyone affected by the outage. What should you do?
- A. Provide periodic updates to all stakeholders in a timely manner. Commit to a "next update" time in all communications.
- B. Delegate the responding to internal stakeholder emails to another member of the Incident Response Team. Focus on providing responses directly to customers.
- C. Provide all internal stakeholder emails to the Incident Commander, and allow them to manage internal communications. Focus on providing responses directly to customers.
- D. Focus on responding to internal stakeholders at least every 30 minutes. Commit to "next update" times.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 49
Your application services run in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). You want to make sure that only images from your centrally-managed Google Container Registry (GCR) image registry in the altostrat-images project can be deployed to the cluster while minimizing development time. What should you do?
- A. Add a tag to each image in gcr.io/altostrat-images and check that this tag is present when the image is deployed.
- B. Create a custom builder for Cloud Build that will only push images to gcr.io/altostrat-images.
- C. Use a Binary Authorization policy that includes the whitelist name pattern gcr.io/attostrat-images/.
- D. Add logic to the deployment pipeline to check that all manifests contain only images from gcr.io/altostrat-images.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 50
You deploy a new release of an internal application during a weekend maintenance window when there is minimal user traffic. After the window ends, you learn that one of the new features isn't working as expected in the production environment. After an extended outage, you roll back the new release and deploy a fix. You want to modify your release process to reduce the mean time to recovery so you can avoid extended outages in the future. What should you do?
Choose 2 answers
- A. Require developers to run automated integration tests on their local development environments before release.
- B. Adopt the blue/green deployment strategy when releasing new code via a CD server.
- C. Integrate a code linting tool to validate coding standards before any code is accepted into the repository.
- D. Configure a CI server. Add a suite of unit tests to your code and have your CI server run them on commit and verify any changes.
- E. Before merging new code, require 2 different peers to review the code changes.
Answer: B,D
NEW QUESTION # 51
You are writing a postmortem for an incident that severely affected users. You want to prevent similar incidents in the future. Which two of the following sections should you include in the postmortem? (Choose two.)
- A. An explanation of the root cause of the incident
- B. A list of employees responsible for causing the incident
- C. Your opinion of the incident's severity compared to past incidents
- D. A list of action items to prevent a recurrence of the incident
- E. Copies of the design documents for all the services impacted by the incident
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
For a postmortem to be truly blameless, it must focus on identifying the contributing causes of the incident without indicting any individual or team for bad or inappropriate behavior.
NEW QUESTION # 52
You are creating and assigning action items in a postmodern for an outage. The outage is over, but you need to address the root causes. You want to ensure that your team handles the action items quickly and efficiently. How should you assign owners and collaborators to action items?
- A. Assign collaborators but no individual owners to the items to keep the postmortem blameless.
- B. Assign one owner for each action item and any necessary collaborators.
- C. Assign multiple owners for each item to guarantee that the team addresses items quickly
- D. Assign the team lead as the owner for all action items because they are in charge of the SRE team.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 53
You currently store the virtual machine (VM) utilization logs in Stackdriver. You need to provide an easy-to-share interactive VM utilization dashboard that is updated in real time and contains information aggregated on a quarterly basis. You want to use Google Cloud Platform solutions. What should you do?
- A. 1. Export VM utilization logs from Stackdriver to a Cloud Storage bucket.
2. Enable the Cloud Storage API to pull the logs programmatically.
3. Build a custom data visualization application.
4. Display the pulled logs in a custom dashboard. - B. 1. Export VM utilization logs (rom Stackdriver to BigQuery.
2. From BigQuery. export the logs to a CSV file.
3. Import the CSV file into Google Sheets.
4. Build a dashboard in Google Sheets and share it with your stakeholders. - C. 1. Export VM utilization logs from Stackdriver to BigOuery.
2. Create a dashboard in Data Studio.
3. Share the dashboard with your stakeholders. - D. 1. Export VM utilization logs from Stackdriver to Cloud Pub/Sub.
2. From Cloud Pub/Sub, send the logs to a Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) system.
3. Build the dashboards in the SIEM system and share with your stakeholders.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 54
You are performing a semi-annual capacity planning exercise for your flagship service. You expect a service user growth rate of 10% month-over-month over the next six months. Your service is fully containerized and runs on Google Cloud Platform (GCP), using a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) Standard regional cluster on three zones with cluster autoscaler enabled. You currently consume about 30% of your total deployed CPU capacity, and you require resilience against the failure of a zone. You want to ensure that your users experience minimal negative impact as a result of this growth or as a result of zone failure, while avoiding unnecessary costs. How should you prepare to handle the predicted growth?
- A. Proactively add 60% more node capacity to account for six months of 10% growth rate, and then perform a load test to make sure you have enough.
- B. Verify the maximum node pool size, enable a horizontal pod autoscaler, and then perform a load test to verify your expected resource needs.
- C. Because you are deployed on GKE and are using a cluster autoscaler, your GKE cluster will scale automatically regardless of growth rate.
- D. Because you are at only 30% utilization, you have significant headroom and you won't need to add any additional capacity for this rate of growth.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 55
You manage several production systems that run on Compute Engine in the same Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project. Each system has its own set of dedicated Compute Engine instances. You want to know how must it costs to run each of the systems. What should you do?
- A. In the Google Cloud Platform Console, use the Cost Breakdown section to visualize the costs per system.
- B. Enrich all instances with metadata specific to the system they run. Configure Stackdriver Logging to export to BigQuery, and query costs based on the metadata.
- C. Assign all instances a label specific to the system they run. Configure BigQuery billing export and query costs per label.
- D. Name each virtual machine (VM) after the system it runs. Set up a usage report export to a Cloud Storage bucket. Configure the bucket as a source in BigQuery to query costs based on VM name.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 56
You are developing a strategy for monitoring your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) projects in production using Stackdriver Workspaces. One of the requirements is to be able to quickly identify and react to production environment issues without false alerts from development and staging projects. You want to ensure that you adhere to the principle of least privilege when providing relevant team members with access to Stackdriver Workspaces. What should you do?
- A. Create a new GCP monitoring project, and create a Stackdriver Workspace inside it. Attach the production projects to this workspace. Grant relevant team members read access to the Stackdriver Workspace.
- B. Choose an existing GCP production project to host the monitoring workspace. Attach the production projects to this workspace. Grant relevant team members read access to the Stackdriver Workspace.
- C. Grant relevant team members the Project Viewer IAM role on all GCP production projects. Create Slackdriver workspaces inside each project.
- D. Grant relevant team members read access to all GCP production projects. Create Stackdriver workspaces inside each project.
Answer: A
Explanation:
"A Project can host many Projects and appear in many Projects, but it can only be used as the scoping project once. We recommend that you create a new Project for the purpose of having multiple Projects in the same scope."
NEW QUESTION # 57
Your organization wants to implement Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) culture and principles. Recently, a service that you support had a limited outage. A manager on another team asks you to provide a formal explanation of what happened so they can action remediations. What should you do?
- A. Develop a postmortem that includes the root causes, resolution, lessons learned, the list of people responsible, and a list of action items for each person. Share it on the engineering organization's document portal.
- B. Develop a postmortem that includes the root causes, resolution, lessons learned, the list of people responsible, and a list of action items for each person. Share it with the manager only.
- C. Develop a postmortem that includes the root causes, resolution, lessons learned, and a prioritized list of action items. Share it on the engineering organization's document portal.
- D. Develop a postmortem that includes the root causes, resolution, lessons learned, and a prioritized list of action items. Share it with the manager only.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 58
Your product is currently deployed in three Google Cloud Platform (GCP) zones with your users divided between the zones. You can fail over from one zone to another, but it causes a 10-minute service disruption for the affected users. You typically experience a database failure once per quarter and can detect it within five minutes. You are cataloging the reliability risks of a new real-time chat feature for your product. You catalog the following information for each risk:
* Mean Time to Detect (MUD} in minutes
* Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) in minutes
* Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) in days
* User Impact Percentage
The chat feature requires a new database system that takes twice as long to successfully fail over between zones. You want to account for the risk of the new database failing in one zone. What would be the values for the risk of database failover with the new system?
- A. MTTD:5
MTTR: 20
MTBF: 90
Impact: 50% - B. MTTD: 5
MTTR: 10
MTBF: 90
Impact: 33% - C. MTTD:5
MTTR: 10
MTBF: 90
Impact 50% - D. MTTD:5
MTTR: 20
MTBF: 90
Impact: 33%
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 59
Your company follows Site Reliability Engineering practices. You are the person in charge of Communications for a large, ongoing incident affecting your customer-facing applications. There is still no estimated time for a resolution of the outage. You are receiving emails from internal stakeholders who want updates on the outage, as well as emails from customers who want to know what is happening. You want to efficiently provide updates to everyone affected by the outage. What should you do?
- A. Provide periodic updates to all stakeholders in a timely manner. Commit to a "next update" time in all communications.
- B. Provide all internal stakeholder emails to the Incident Commander, and allow them to manage internal communications. Focus on providing responses directly to customers.
- C. Delegate the responding to internal stakeholder emails to another member of the Incident Response Team. Focus on providing responses directly to customers.
- D. Focus on responding to internal stakeholders at least every 30 minutes. Commit to "next update" times.
Answer: A
Explanation:
When disaster strikes, the person who declares the incident typically steps into the IC role and directs the high-level state of the incident. The IC concentrates on the 3Cs and does the following: Commands and coordinates the incident response, delegating roles as needed. By default, the IC assumes all roles that have not been delegated yet. Communicates effectively. Stays in control of the incident response. Works with other responders to resolve the incident. https://sre.google/workbook/incident-response/
NEW QUESTION # 60
You support an application running on App Engine. The application is used globally and accessed from various device types. You want to know the number of connections. You are using Stackdriver Monitoring for App Engine. What metric should you use?
- A. tcp_ssl_proxy/open_connections
- B. flex/connections/current
- C. tcp_ssl_proxy/new_connections
- D. flex/instance/connections/current
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://cloud.google.com/monitoring/api/metrics_gcp#gcp-appengine
NEW QUESTION # 61
You support a high-traffic web application and want to ensure that the home page loads in a timely manner. As a first step, you decide to implement a Service Level Indicator (SLI) to represent home page request latency with an acceptable page load time set to 100 ms. What is the Google-recommended way of calculating this SLI?
- A. Count the number of home page requests that load in under 100 ms. and then divide by the total number of all web application requests.
- B. Buckelize Ihe request latencies into ranges, and then compute the percentile at 100 ms.
- C. Count the number of home page requests that load in under 100 ms, and then divide by the total number of home page requests.
- D. Bucketize the request latencies into ranges, and then compute the median and 90th percentiles.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 62
You support a service with a well-defined Service Level Objective (SLO). Over the previous 6 months, your service has consistently met its SLO and customer satisfaction has been consistently high. Most of your service's operations tasks are automated and few repetitive tasks occur frequently. You want to optimize the balance between reliability and deployment velocity while following site reliability engineering best practices. What should you do? (Choose two.)
- A. Get the product team to prioritize reliability work over new features.
- B. Increase the service's deployment velocity and/or risk.
- C. Shift engineering time to other services that need more reliability.
- D. Change the implementation of your Service Level Indicators (SLIs) to increase coverage.
- E. Make the service's SLO more strict.
Answer: A,D
NEW QUESTION # 63
You support an application running on App Engine. The application is used globally and accessed from various device types. You want to know the number of connections. You are using Stackdriver Monitoring for App Engine. What metric should you use?
- A. tcp_ssl_proxy/open_connections
- B. flex/connections/current
- C. tcp_ssl_proxy/new_connections
- D. flex/instance/connections/current
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 64
Your company follows Site Reliability Engineering practices. You are the person in charge of Communications for a large, ongoing incident affecting your customer-facing applications. There is still no estimated time for a resolution of the outage. You are receiving emails from internal stakeholders who want updates on the outage, as well as emails from customers who want to know what is happening. You want to efficiently provide updates to everyone affected by the outage. What should you do?
- A. Provide periodic updates to all stakeholders in a timely manner. Commit to a "next update" time in all communications.
- B. Focus on responding to internal stakeholders at least every 30 minutes. Commit to "next update" times.
- C. Provide all internal stakeholder emails to the Incident Commander, and allow them to manage internal communications. Focus on providing responses directly to customers.
- D. Delegate the responding to internal stakeholder emails to another member of the Incident Response Team. Focus on providing responses directly to customers.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 65
Your application images are built and pushed to Google Container Registry (GCR). You want to build an automated pipeline that deploys the application when the image is updated while minimizing the development effort. What should you do?
- A. Use a custom builder in Cloud Build to trigger Jenkins pipeline.
- B. Use Cloud Build to trigger a Spinnaker pipeline.
- C. Use Cloud Pub/Sub to bigger a Spinnaker pipeline.
- D. Use Cloud Pub/Sub to trigger a custom deployment service running in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE).
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 66
You are running an experiment to see whether your users like a new feature of a web application. Shortly after deploying the feature as a canary release, you receive a spike in the number of 500 errors sent to users, and your monitoring reports show increased latency. You want to quickly minimize the negative impact on users. What should you do first?
- A. Trace the origin of 500 errors and the root cause of increased latency.
- B. Start monitoring latency, traffic, errors, and saturation.
- C. Record data for the postmortem document of the incident.
- D. Roll back the experimental canary release.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 67
You support an application deployed on Compute Engine. The application connects to a Cloud SQL instance to store and retrieve dat a. After an update to the application, users report errors showing database timeout messages. The number of concurrent active users remained stable. You need to find the most probable cause of the database timeout. What should you do?
- A. Use Stackdriver Profiler to visualize the resources utilization throughout the application.
- B. Use Cloud Security Scanner to see whether your Cloud SQL is under a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack.
- C. Check the serial port logs of the Compute Engine instance.
- D. Determine whether there is an increased number of connections to the Cloud SQL instance.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 68
You have migrated an e-commerce application to Google Cloud Platform (GCP). You want to prepare the application for the upcoming busy season. What should you do first to prepare for the busy season?
- A. Enable AutoScaling on the production clusters, in case there is growth.
- B. Create a runbook on inflating the disaster recovery (DR) environment if there is growth.
- C. Load teat the application to profile its performance for scaling.
- D. Pre-provision double the compute power used last season, expecting growth.
Answer: C
Explanation:
https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/retail/preparing-for-peak-holiday-season-while-wfh
NEW QUESTION # 69
You are managing the production deployment to a set of Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) clusters. You want to make sure only images which are successfully built by your trusted CI/CD pipeline are deployed to production. What should you do?
- A. Set up the Kubernetes Engine clusters with Binary Authorization.
- B. Set up the Kubernetes Engine clusters as private clusters.
- C. Enable Vulnerability Analysis on the Container Registry.
- D. Enable Cloud Security Scanner on the clusters.
Answer: A
Explanation:
https://cloud.google.com/binary-authorization/docs/overview
NEW QUESTION # 70
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