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Scrum PSPO-I (Professional Scrum Product Owner I) Certification Exam is a globally recognized certification that validates the product owner's knowledge and skills in Scrum. Professional Scrum Product Owner I certification is offered by Scrum.org, an organization that provides Scrum training and certification programs globally. The PSPO-I exam is designed to assess the product owner's understanding of Scrum and their ability to apply Scrum principles and practices to maximize the value of the product.
NEW QUESTION # 18
True or False: The Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable increment every Sprint.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
* The Scrum Team is a self-organizing and cross-functional team that delivers valuable products in an agile way. The Scrum Team consists of one Product Owner, one Scrum Master, and Developers. They are all accountable for creating a valuable, useful, and potentially releasable product Increment each Sprint.
* An Increment is a concrete stepping stone toward the product vision. It is the sum of all the Product Backlog items completed during a Sprint and the value of the increments of all previous Sprints. At the end of a Sprint, the new Increment must be "Done", which means it meets the Definition of Done and is usable.
* The Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable increment every Sprint, not just once or occasionally. This means that the Scrum Team must deliver a product functionality that provides value to the customers and users and contributes to the product goals and missions. The value of an increment
* can be measured by various factors, such as customer satisfaction, feedback, revenue, market share, or social impact.
* The Scrum Team is also accountable for creating a valuable increment every Sprint, not just any increment. This means that the Scrum Team must deliver a product functionality that meets the quality standards and expectations of the customers and users and complies with the Definition of Done. The quality of an increment can be measured by various factors, such as usability, reliability, performance, security, or maintainability.
References:
* Scrum Guide: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html
* Scrum Team: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-scrum-team
* Increment: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-an-increment
NEW QUESTION # 19
True or False: Product Owners must specify complete acceptance criteria for a Product Backlog item before the Developers can select the item in Sprint Planning.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: B
Explanation:
* False: Product Owners do not have to specify complete acceptance criteria for a Product Backlog item before the Developers can select the item in Sprint Planning.
* Acceptance criteria are a set of conditions that a Product Backlog item must satisfy to be considered
"Done" and acceptable for delivery.
* Acceptance criteria are not mandatory in Scrum, but they can help the Product Owner and the Developers to clarify the expectations and requirements of a Product Backlog item.
* Acceptance criteria can be added or refined by the Product Owner at any time, but they should be clear and testable before the Sprint starts.
* The Developers can select a Product Backlog item in Sprint Planning based on their understanding of its value, scope, and complexity, as well as their capacity and skills. They can also collaborate with the Product Owner to define or refine the acceptance criteria during Sprint Planning. References: Scrum Guide, Section 3.4 (The Product Backlog), Section 5.1 (Sprint Planning), and Section 6.4 (The Increment)
NEW QUESTION # 20
What is the accountability of the Product Owner during Sprint 0?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Make sure enough Product Backlog items are refined to fill the first 3 Sprints.
- B. Create the overall release plan to ensure that organizational goals are met.
- C. Gathering, eliciting, and analyzing the requirements to build the Product Backlog.
- D. There is no such thing as Sprint 0.
- E. Determine the composition of the Scrum Team to meet the release plan.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Sprint 0 is a term that some organizations use to describe a phase of work before the first official Sprint, where they do some upfront planning, design, architecture, or analysis1. However, this term is not consistent with the Scrum framework, which does not prescribe any pre-Sprint activities or phases2. Scrum starts with a Product Backlog that contains at least one valuable and feasible Product Goal, and enough Product Backlog items to initiate the first Sprint[3][3]. The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers, and for managing the Product Backlog4. The Product Owner does not have any specific accountability during Sprint 0, because Sprint 0 is not a part of Scrum.
References:
1: Sprint Zero: A Good Idea or Not?, Scrum Alliance, accessed on December 16, 2023
2: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 5
[3][3]: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 9
4: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 6
NEW QUESTION # 21
Which two ways of creating Scrum Teams are consistent with Scrum's values?
(choose the best two answers)
- A. Bring all the people together and let them organize into Scrum Teams.
- B. Managers personally re-assign current subordinates to new teams.
- C. Existing teams propose how they would like to go about organizing into the new structure.
- D. The Chief Product Owner determines the new team structures and assignments.
- E. Managers collaborate to assign individuals to specific teams.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The Scrum values are commitment, focus, openness, respect, and courage1. These values are embodied by the Scrum Team, which is a self-managing unit that organizes its own work and delivers a valuable product2. The Scrum Team consists of one Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers[3][3]. The best way to create Scrum Teams is to respect the self-management and empowerment of the people who will do the work, and let them decide how to organize themselves into Scrum Teams. This can be done by bringing all the people together and letting them form Scrum Teams based on their skills, interests, and alignment with the product vision4. Alternatively, existing teams can propose how they would like to reorganize themselves into Scrum Teams, based on their feedback and experience5. These ways of creating Scrum Teams are consistent with the Scrum values, as they foster commitment, focus, openness, respect, and courage among the team members and stakeholders. The other options are not consistent with the Scrum values, as they involve managers or the Chief Product Owner imposing their decisions on the team members, which undermines their self-management and empowerment, and creates a lack of trust and collaboration.
References:
1: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 4
2: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 5
[3][3]: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 6
4: Managing Products with Agility, Scrum.org, accessed on December 16, 2023
5: Developing People and Teams, Scrum.org, accessed on December 16, 2023
NEW QUESTION # 22
When can Developers cancel a Sprint?
(choose the best answer)
- A. When a technical dependency cannot be resolved.
- B. When the Product Owner is absent too often.
- C. When the selected Product Backlog items for the Sprint become unachievable.
- D. When functional expectations are not well understood.
- E. They cannot. Only Product Owners can cancel Sprints.
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Scrum Guide, a Sprint can be canceled before the Sprint time-box is over. Only the Product Owner has the authority to cancel the Sprint, although he or she may do so under influence from the stakeholders, the Developers, or the Scrum Master. A Sprint would be canceled if the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete. This might occur if the company changes direction or if market or technology conditions change. In general, a Sprint should be canceled if it no longer makes sense given the circumstances. But, due to the short duration of Sprints, cancellation rarely makes sense. Developers cannot cancel a Sprint on their own, even if they face challenges or difficulties with the selected Product Backlog items, the functional expectations, the technical dependencies, or the Product Owner's availability. Instead, they should collaborate with the Product Owner and the Scrum Master to find the best way to deliver value within the Sprint and adapt to the changing situation.
References:
* The Scrum Guide
* Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework
* Professional Scrum Product Owner™ I Certification
NEW QUESTION # 23
True or False: The Sprint Backlog is a result of Sprint Planning, and it includes the Sprint Goal.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
It is true that the Sprint Backlog is a result of Sprint Planning, and it includes the Sprint Goal. This is because:
* Sprint Planning is an event where the Scrum Team plans for the upcoming Sprint. The purpose of Sprint Planning is to align the entire Scrum Team around a common goal and a plan for delivering an Increment that meets that goal.
* The Sprint Backlog is the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint, plus a plan for delivering them as a "Done" Increment. The Sprint Backlog is owned by the Developers who use it to organize and manage their work during the Sprint.
* The Sprint Goal is a short-term objective that provides guidance and focus to the Scrum Team throughout the Sprint. It is a flexible and negotiable commitment that can be adjusted as more is learned throughout the Sprint.
* The Sprint Backlog is created by the collaborative work of the entire Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Product Owner proposes how the product could increase its value and utility in the current Sprint. The Developers discuss how they can deliver a "Done" Increment that meets this proposal. Together, they define a Sprint Goal that summarizes why the Sprint is valuable to stakeholders. Then, they select enough Product Backlog items from the top of the ordered Product Backlog to satisfy the Sprint Goal. Finally, they create a plan for how they will deliver those items as a
"Done" Increment.
References:
* [Scrum Guide], page 14, section "Sprint Planning"
* [Scrum Guide], page 15, section "Sprint Backlog"
* [Scrum Guide], page 15, section "Sprint Goal"
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which are appropriate topics for discussion in a Sprint Retrospective?
(choose the best three answers)
- A. Arranging the Sprint Backlog for the next Sprint.
- B. How the Scrum Team does its work.
- C. Team relations.
- D. Definition of Done.
- E. The value of work currently represented in the Product Backlog.
Answer: B,C,D
Explanation:
Correct Answers: A, C, and D.
Explanation: The Sprint Retrospective is an event where the Scrum Team reflects on how they worked together in the last Sprint and identifies ways to improve their collaboration, processes, and quality. Therefore, appropriate topics for discussion in a Sprint Retrospective are:
* Team relations: The Scrum Team should discuss how they communicated, interacted, and supported each other during the Sprint. They should celebrate their successes, acknowledge their challenges, and address any conflicts or issues that arose. They should also share feedback, appreciation, and suggestions for improvement with each other.
* How the Scrum Team does its work: The Scrum Team should inspect the methods, tools, and practices they used to deliver the product increment. They should evaluate what worked well and what could be improved. They should also identify any impediments, risks, or dependencies that affected their work and how they handled them.
* Definition of Done: The Scrum Team should review their Definition of Done and check if it is still relevant, clear, and achievable. They should also assess how well they adhered to it and if they delivered a potentially releasable product increment that meets the quality standards. They should also consider if they need to update or adapt their Definition of Done based on new insights or feedback.
The following topics are not appropriate for discussion in a Sprint Retrospective:
* The value of work currently represented in the Product Backlog: The value of the Product Backlog items is the responsibility of the Product Owner, who should continuously refine and order them based on stakeholder needs and feedback. The value of the Product Backlog items is not directly related to how the Scrum Team works together and does not affect their improvement actions for the next Sprint.
* Arranging the Sprint Backlog for the next Sprint: The Sprint Backlog is the plan for the next Sprint that is created by the Scrum Team during the Sprint Planning event. The Sprint Backlog is based on the Product Backlog items that are selected for the next Sprint and how the Developers intend to accomplish them. The Sprint Retrospective is not a planning event but a reflection event that focuses on the past Sprint.
References:
* [Scrum Guide], section 3.5: "The purpose of the Sprint Retrospective is to plan ways to increase quality and effectiveness."
* [Professional Scrum Product Owner], chapter 7: "The Sprint Retrospective is an opportunity for the
* Scrum Team to inspect itself and create a plan for improvements to be enacted during the next Sprint."
* What is a Sprint Retrospective? | Scrum.org: "During each Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team plans ways to increase product quality by improving work processes or adapting the definition of "Done" if appropriate and not in conflict with product or organizational standards."
* The Sprint Retrospective - What It Is & Tips for Making the Most of Your Meeting: "The focus is on how the team worked together in the last sprint, including: Communication Teamwork Process Tools Systems Work environment Missing competencies Collaboration with external parties"
NEW QUESTION # 25
What is the time box for the Sprint Retrospective meeting?
- A. 3 hours for a one-month Sprint.
- B. 8 hours for a one-month Sprint.
- C. 2 hours for a one-month Sprint.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 26
A Scrum Team member should take over both accountabilities Scrum Master and Product Owner.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which outcome is expected as a Scrum Team matures?
(choose the best answer)
- A. A Scrum Master is no longer needed since they are a mature team now.
- B. The Sprint Retrospectives will grow to be longer than 4 hours.
- C. They will improve their Definition of Done to include more stringent criteria.
- D. Sprint Reviews will no longer be needed.
- E. There will be no need for a timeboxed Sprint.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A mature Scrum Team is expected to continuously improve their quality standards and deliver potentially releasable Increments of value that meet the Definition of Done12. The Definition of Done is a shared understanding of what it means to complete a Product Backlog item, and it may vary from one Scrum Team to another3. As the Scrum Team matures, they may expand their Definition of Done to include more rigorous criteria, such as higher levels of testing, documentation, performance, security, usability, etc . This way, they ensure that their product Increment is always ready for release and meets the expectations of the stakeholders and customers12.
NEW QUESTION # 28
The Sprint Review should be held at the same time and place to reduce complexity.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 29
True or False: The Product Owner makes sure the correct stakeholders are invited to the Sprint Retrospective.
They might have important instructions for team improvements.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: B
Explanation:
It is not true that the Product Owner makes sure the correct stakeholders are invited to the Sprint Retrospective. They might have important instructions for team improvements. This is because:
* The Sprint Retrospective is an event where the Scrum Team inspects how the last Sprint went with regards to individuals, interactions, processes, tools, and their Definition of Done. The purpose of the Sprint Retrospective is to plan ways to improve quality and effectiveness.
* The Sprint Retrospective is an internal event for the Scrum Team only. It is a safe and confidential space where the Scrum Team can openly and honestly reflect on their strengths and weaknesses, and identify actions to improve their performance and collaboration.
* The stakeholders are not invited to the Sprint Retrospective. They do not have a say in how the Scrum Team works or what they should improve. The stakeholders can provide feedback and suggestions to the Scrum Team in other events, such as the Sprint Review or the Product Backlog refinement sessions.
* The Product Owner is a member of the Scrum Team who is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. They are responsible for identifying and articulating the Product Goal, which is a long-term objective for the product that guides all the activities of the Scrum Team.
* The Product Owner does not make sure the correct stakeholders are invited to the Sprint Retrospective.
They might have important instructions for team improvements. This would violate the self-management and autonomy of the Scrum Team and undermine their trust and empowerment.
References:
* [Scrum Guide], page 18, section "Sprint Retrospective"
* [Scrum Guide], page 7, section "The Scrum Team"
* [Scrum Guide], page 17, section "Sprint Review"
* [Scrum Guide], page 6, section "Product Owner"
* [Scrum Guide], page 10, section "Product Goal"
NEW QUESTION # 30
All items in the Product Backlog have usually the same size.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 31
The length of a Sprint should be:
- A. Short enough that the Sprint Goal not becomes invalid.
- B. Fixed (one month or less) to create consistency.
- C. Short enough to have many learning cycles and limit risk of cost and effort.
- D. All answers are correct.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which of the following is a typical output of a Sprint?
- A. A new Product Increment (working piece of software).
- B. The plan for the next Sprint.
- C. Technical concepts.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 33
What is the purpose of a Sprint Review?
(choose the best answer)
- A. To inspect the product Increment with the stakeholders and collect feedback on next steps.
- B. To review the Scrum Team's activities and processes during the Sprint.
- C. To build team spirit.
- D. To take time to judge the validity of the project.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* The Sprint Review is an event that occurs at the end of each Sprint, where the Scrum Team and the stakeholders inspect the Increment and adapt the Product Backlog if needed. The Sprint Review is an opportunity for the Product Owner to validate that the Increment meets their expectations and delivers value to the customers and users. The Sprint Review is also an opportunity for the Developers to demonstrate their work and receive feedback from the Product Owner and the stakeholders.
* The purpose of a Sprint Review is to inspect the product Increment with the stakeholders and collect feedback on next steps. The Sprint Review is a collaborative and interactive session where the Scrum Team and the stakeholders discuss what was done in the Sprint, what problems were encountered, what was learned, and what can be improved or changed. The Sprint Review also provides input for updating the Product Backlog to maximize value in future Sprints.
* The other options are not valid or relevant purposes of a Sprint Review. They are either too vague, unrelated, or incorrect. They are:
* To build team spirit: This is not a valid purpose of a Sprint Review. While team spirit is important for any Scrum Team, it is not the main focus or outcome of a Sprint Review. A Sprint Review is a formal event that has a specific agenda and goal, not a casual or social gathering.
* To take time to judge the validity of the project: This is not a valid purpose of a Sprint Review.
Scrum does not have a concept of a project, but rather a product. A product is a valuable solution that evolves over time to meet customer needs and market conditions. A project is a temporary endeavor with a fixed scope, time, and cost. A Sprint Review is not a time to judge or evaluate the validity of the product or its development, but rather to inspect and adapt it based on empirical evidence and feedback.
* To review the Scrum Team's activities and processes during the Sprint: This is not a valid purpose of a Sprint Review. This is the purpose of another Scrum event called the Sprint Retrospective.
The Sprint Retrospective is an event that occurs after the Sprint Review and prior to the next Sprint Planning, where the Scrum Team inspects how they worked during the Sprint and identifies improvements for the next Sprint. The Sprint Retrospective focuses on improving the Scrum Team's performance and process, not on inspecting the product Increment or its value.
References:
* Scrum Guide: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html
* Sprint Review: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-sprint-review
NEW QUESTION # 34
What is the time box for the Daily Scrum?
- A. 15 minutes.
- B. 10 minutes.
- C. 30 minutes.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 35
Besides the normal items, each Sprint Backlog contains at least one item about improving the way we work.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 36
Scrum's artifacts represent work or value.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 37
Why does the Product Owner want the Developers to adhere to its Definition of Done?
(choose the best answer)
- A. To predict the team's productivity over time.
- B. To be able to reprimand the team when they do not meet their velocity goal for the Sprint.
- C. To have complete transparency into what has been done at the end of each Sprint.
- D. To know what the team will deliver over the next three Sprints.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Product Owner wants the Developers to adhere to its Definition of Done to have complete transparency into what has been done at the end of each Sprint. This is because:
* The Definition of Done is a formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets the quality measures required for the product. It is a shared understanding among the Scrum Team and the stakeholders of what "Done" means for any Product Backlog item that is selected for a Sprint.
* The Developers are accountable for creating a "Done" Increment in every Sprint. They must ensure that every Product Backlog item they work on meets the Definition of Done before it is considered complete.
* The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. They must inspect the Increment at the end of each Sprint and assess how it delivers value and contributes to the Product Goal.
* Having a clear and consistent Definition of Done helps the Product Owner have complete transparency into what has been done at the end of each Sprint. It also helps them make informed decisions about releasing, adapting, or continuing the product development.
Other options, such as predicting the team's productivity over time, knowing what the team will deliver over the next three Sprints, or reprimanding the team when they do not meet their velocity goal for the Sprint, are not valid reasons for wanting the Developers to adhere to its Definition of Done. They may reflect a misunderstanding of what a Definition of Done is or how Scrum works.
References:
* [Scrum Guide], page 10, section "Definition of Done"
* [Scrum Guide], page 7, section "Developers"
* [Scrum Guide], page 6, section "Product Owner"
NEW QUESTION # 38
Who is accountable for managing the progress of work during a Sprint?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The Product Owner.
- B. The most junior member of the team.
- C. The Scrum Master.
- D. The Developers.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Developers are accountable for managing the progress of work during a Sprint, as they are the ones who plan, execute, and deliver the work. The Scrum Guide states that "The Developers are the people in the Scrum Team that are committed to creating any aspect of a usable Increment each Sprint."1 The Developers are also responsible for conducting the Daily Scrum, a 15-minute event for the Developers to synchronize activities and create a plan for the next 24 hours.1 The Developers are self-managing, which means they decide how best to accomplish their work, rather than being directed by others outside the Scrum Team.1 References:
* 1: The Scrum Guide2, page 7
* 2: The Scrum Guide
NEW QUESTION # 39
Adding a new member to the Developers may cause a short-term decrease in your teams productivity.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 40
The IT manager asks a Scrum Team for a status report describing the progress throughout the Sprint. The Scrum Team asks the Scrum Master for advice. The Scrum Master should:
(choose the best answer)
- A. Tell the Scrum Team to figure it out themselves.
- B. Ask the Product Owner to send the manager the report.
- C. Talk to the IT manager and explain that progress in Scrum comes from inspecting an Increment at the Sprint Review.
- D. Create and deliver the report to the manager herself.
- E. Tell the Developers to fit the report into the Sprint Backlog.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Scrum Master should talk to the IT manager and explain that progress in Scrum comes from inspecting an Increment at the Sprint Review. This is because:
* The Scrum Team is self-managing and does not need to report to anyone outside the team1.
* The Sprint Review is an event where the Scrum Team and the stakeholders collaborate on the product and inspect the Increment2.
* The Increment is a concrete and usable outcome of the Sprint that provides a measure of progress and value delivery3.
* The IT manager can attend the Sprint Review as a stakeholder and provide feedback on the product and the process4.
References:
* Scrum Guide, page 7, section "The Scrum Team"
* Scrum Guide, page 13, section "Sprint Review"
* Scrum Guide, page 10, section "Increment"
* Scrum Guide, page 14, section "Sprint Review"
NEW QUESTION # 41
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